Archive for the ‘Pediatrics’ Category

Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, a coalition of US-based non-profit health and environmental groups just released a report regarding contamination of Halloween face paints by heavy metals. Although the CDC recommends against using cosmetics which contain lead on children, there’s no way of telling whether the paints contain toxic metals since they are not required to be listed on product labels (there is no legal requirement to list them because they’re considered contaminants, not  ingredients). The group looked at 10 children’s face paint brands and found:

• 10 out of 10 children’s face paints contained lead at levels between 0.05 and 0.65 parts per million (ppm).
• 6 out of 10 children’s face paints contained nickel, cobalt and/or chromium at levels between 1.6 to 120 ppm (this is much higher than the industry safety standard of 1 ppm said the report). These metals can be allergens in children.
• Snazaroo Face Paint contained some of the highest levels of lead, nickel and cobalt found in the study. This product carries the words “non-toxic” and “hypoallergenic” on its label.

Continue reading at Medical News Today.

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Research from Yale University’s Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity shows that cereals which are most aggressively marketed to children are also the least healthy, as measured by an Oxford University nutrition scoring system. The researchers also found that none of the cereals targeted to children in the US meets the nutrition standards required to advertise to children in the UK. Among other findings, cereals marketed directly to children have 85% more sugar, 65% less fiber and 60% more sodium than cereals marketed to adults. Even more shocking, (but perhaps should not be a surprise) is that all cereals marketed directly to U.S. children meet the cereal industry’s own nutrition standard for “better-for-you” foods. These include: Cocoa Puffs (44% sugar), Cap’n Crunch (44% sugar), Froot Loops (41% sugar), Lucky Charms (41% sugar) and Cinnamon Toast Crunch (32% sugar). Cereal companies spend nearly $156 million dollars annually on marketing their cereals to children on television. [via Medical News Today]

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Here’s an interesting correlation: reduction in air pollution leads to fewer ear infections in children. A study, presented at the 2009 meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, analyzed U.S. data on 126,060 children from 1997 to 2007 and found that frequent otitis media (three or more ear infections in a 12-month period) decreased as air quality improved, as measured by the Environmental Protection Agency. The researchers noted that previous smaller studies have linked cleaner air with reductions in incidence of ear infections, but this was the first large study to look at this correlation. They also believe that continued efforts to reduce air pollution will continue to further reduce ear infection rates. [via CBS News]

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Car safety seats are one of the most effective ways to protect children from injury and death in the first years of life. For the best protection in a crash, car seats require infants to be placed in an upright position. However, this posture can partially compress the chest wall and reduce airway size, resulting in lower levels of oxygen. The study, “A Comparison of Respiratory Patterns in Healthy Term Infants Placed in Car Safety Seats and Beds,” compared oxygen levels in 200 newborns while in a hospital crib, car bed and car seat. The mean oxygen saturation level was significantly lower in the car seat (95.7 percent) and the car bed (96.3 percent) compared to the crib (97.9 percent). Previous studies have found similar effects on premature infants; this study confirms the respiration of full-term infants is also affected by car seats and car beds. The study authors suggest these safety devices should be used only for protection during travel, and not as replacement for cribs. [News release via American Academy of Pediatrics]

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New research from the UK is suggesting that not only do children learn from their parents, they tend to learn from their parents of the same sex, at least when it comes to the issue of obesity.  After studying 226 families, researchers found that daughters of obese mothers were 10 times more likely to be obese, compared to daughters of normal-weight mothers. Sons were 6 times more likely to be obese if they have an obese father. Researchers attribute this finding to a phenomenon called “behavioral sympathy” where children will adopt the lifestyles of their same-sex parent. The obesity epidemic has innumerable causes, but the fight against it has to involve educating both parents and children. Healthy eating and living are learned behaviors, not a consequence of genetics.

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It is not a secret that beautiful people tend to receive preferential treatment. But, how does that impact our ability to parent? A study from Harvard-affiliated McLean Hospital looks to explore this phenomenon. Study volunteers were shown pictures of conventionally attractive babies and others with distinct facial irregularities, such as skin problems or cleft palates. Each photo was shown on a screen for four seconds, but volunteers could extend or shorten the viewing time of each photo by pressing certain computer keys. The study found that women shortened the viewing time of “less-attractive” children 2.5 times more than men. Researchers theorize this is purely an evolutionary response that parents, especially women, would innately devote more energy to the offspring most likely to yield the highest genetic payoff. On the other hand it’s possible that women chose to not look at babies with facial defects because they are more empathetic and sensitive towards these children. Men, on the other hand, chose to extend the viewing time of more aesthetically beautiful children just as often as women, but they did not hurry through pictures of children with facial irregularities.

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Next month, the American Academy of Pediatrics will publish its new statement on the pediatrician’s role in preventing youth violence, and for the first time a section on bullying is to be included. One in four children report that they have been involved in bullying – either as the bully or the victim – making this a serious topic in which all physicians, parents, and schools should be proactive in confronting. The aim of the new recommendations is to change the culture of bullying through class discussions, parent meetings and consistent responses to every incidence of bullying. One of the paradigm shifts in thought about bullying is that the victims must be protected, but at the same, attention should be focused on bullies as well – research has shown that bullies are less likely to finish school or hold down a job. Concurrently, victims of bullying are more likely to experience depression and suicidal thoughts. Hopefully, the new recommendations will go a long way in reducing these long-term consequences of bullying and get people to realize that bullying is not a normal part of childhood which is often deemed by parents to be a rite of passage necessary for success later in life.

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A US-based study has found that computer-related injuries are rising rapidly among young children. These are not the typical injuries you’d expect from long term computer use like carpal tunnel, repetitive strain or back injuries. Rather, research is showing for the first time a surprising seven-fold increase over the last decade in sudden computer-related injuries such as tripping over equipment and cables, or monitors falling on people’s heads. Over the past 13 years these types of injuries have skyrocketed by 732 percent. The age group most affected are children under the age of five.

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The Evenflo company of Miamisburg, Ohio is recalling 640,000 high chairs due to safety concerns. The company has already received 320 reports of seatbacks detaching or reclining, unexpectedly causing injury. As well, there were reports of screws coming loose causing children to choke. A model number can be found on a white label on the seatback. Click here to view all the recalled model numbers. All consumers should stop using the recalled chairs and contact Evenflo to receive a free repair kit.

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The British Medical Journal today published a revealing study on the risks of smoking during pregnancy. Women smokers who do not quit prior to 15 weeks of pregnancy are 3 times as likely to give birth prematurely. And if you are a long time smoker and think that quitting now won’t make a difference, think again. Women who stopped smoking during pregnancy, compared to nonsmokers, have the same rate of preterm birth. This goes to show that it’s never too late to quit.

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